What Should You Choose: Absorption Fridge or Compressor Fridge?

How Does an Absorption Fridge Work?

An absorption fridge has a closed system at the back in which a coolant circulates, typically a mix of ammonia, water, and sometimes hydrogen gas. An energy source, such as electricity (12V or 230V) or gas, heats this system. This heat causes the ammonia to evaporate, which then circulates through the system and condenses at various points. During the evaporation process in the evaporator, heat is extracted from the inside of the fridge, lowering its temperature. According to Thetford—a manufacturer of fridges—an absorption fridge works best between 10–32°C.

Advantages of an Absorption Fridge

• Runs on Gas: Since absorption fridges can also run on gas, you’re not dependent on electricity. For campers who want to stay off-grid longer, such as those going off the beaten path, this makes the absorption fridge an appealing option.
• Price: Generally (though not always), they are less expensive than compressor fridges.
• Silent Operation: With no compressor, an absorption fridge operates almost silently.

Disadvantages of an Absorption Fridge

• Relatively Low Cooling Capacity: Absorption fridges don’t cool as quickly. When you first turn it on, it can take up to 24 hours to reach the desired temperature. This also means that when you place warm items inside, the fridge has to work harder to cool them down. It’s advisable to switch the fridge on in advance (at least 8 hours before departure) and avoid opening it frequently or leaving it open for long periods while on holiday.
• Struggles with High Temperatures: If the outside temperature exceeds 32°C, absorption fridges may struggle. The cooling system has difficulty dissipating the heat, which can reduce its efficiency.

How a Compressor Fridge Works

A compressor fridge is similar to the one you have at home and runs solely on 12V or 230V power, rather than gas. Inside the compressor, refrigerant gas is highly compressed, which increases both its pressure and temperature, turning it into a liquid. This liquid then moves into the evaporator, where the pressure drops and the liquid evaporates. This evaporation process extracts heat from the fridge, creating the cooling effect.

A compressor fridge operates best in temperatures between 16 – 43°C.

Advantages of a Compressor Fridge

• Reliable: A compressor fridge provides consistent cooling, making it highly reliable. It cools quickly, even down to freezing temperatures.
• High Cooling Capacity: Unlike absorption fridges, a compressor fridge isn’t affected by high ambient temperatures, making it an excellent choice for travelers heading to Southern Europe.
• Energy Efficient: Due to its efficient cooling process, a compressor fridge generally consumes less energy.

Disadvantages of a Compressor Fridge

• Power Dependency: A compressor fridge runs on 12V or 230V and doesn’t operate on gas. This means campers using a compressor fridge are more dependent on electricity and have a shorter off-grid time.
• Noise: Unlike absorption fridges, a compressor fridge isn’t always silent. The compressor can produce noise while cooling, though some models offer a quieter night mode.

Which Fridge Suits You?

Choosing between an absorption fridge and a compressor fridge for your caravan or camper depends on your needs. The pros and cons mentioned above already indicate which type is best suited for different camping styles.

If you prefer independent travel and don’t camp in extremely hot climates, an absorption fridge may be a good option. However, if your camping trips aren’t complete without 30°C or higher, a compressor fridge is probably the better choice.

Get Expert Advice

That being said, this decision isn’t set in stone. When purchasing a fridge for your caravan or camper, seek professional advice to determine whether an absorption fridge or a compressor fridge better suits your needs.